Simulation of astronomical solar radiation over Yellow River Basin based on DEM   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

QIU Xinf  ZENG Yan  LIU Changming  WU Xianfeng 《地理学报(英文版)》2004,14(1):63-69

1IntroductionDistributed watershed hydrological model has become one of the hot topics in hydrology for its predominance in reflecting the influence of the spatial distributed features of terrains on hydrological processes (Wan etal., 2001; Abbott etal., 1986; Beven etal., 1992). However its demands on the spatio-temporal changeful surface elements such as solar radiation, precipitation, temperature etc. are strict. Being the limitations of observation techniques, data availability and study …  相似文献   

中国海洋产业发展的地区差距变动及空间集聚分析   总被引：32，自引：3，他引：29  

韩增林  王茂军  张学霞 《地理研究》2003,22(3):289-296

采用基尼系数、变异系数、加权变异系数等指标,分析了20世纪90年代海洋经济发展的地区差距以及海洋产业空间集聚的变动趋势。得出以下结论,90年代前半期,我国海洋经济的相对地区差距缩小,后半期有所扩大。90年代多种海洋产业在同一地区的空间集聚减弱。其中,1995年到2000年多种海洋产业的空间集聚加剧。我国海洋经济地区差异与多种海洋产业的同一空间集聚表现为相同的变动过程。  相似文献   

一株产海藻糖合成酶南极海洋低温细菌的鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

俞勇  李会荣  陈波  曾胤新 《极地研究》2005,17(2):127-133

从南极普里兹湾海域海水中分离到一株产海藻糖合成酶的海洋低温细菌BSw10041,革兰氏阴性,杆状,有极生鞭毛,能运动,菌落半透明。进行了常规生理生化和BIOLOG GN2细菌鉴定系统测试,结果表明菌株BSw10041与恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)的表型特征非常相似。为了进一步确定菌株BSw10041的分类学地位,测定了其16S rDNA序列,分析了相关细菌相应序列的同源性,构建了系统发育树,结果表明BSw10041与P．putida的亲缘关系最近。综合上述结果,菌株BSw10041可鉴定为Pseudomonas putida,定名为Pseudomonas putida BSw10041。  相似文献   

Influence of river channel geometry in stream flow modelling and guidelines for field investigation          下载免费PDF全文

Hongbo Zhang  Fan Zhang  Xiaonan Shi  Chen Zeng  Dong‐Sin Shih  Gour‐Tsyh Yeh  Daniel R. Joswiak 《水文研究》2014,28(4):2630-2638

Fully physics‐based, process‐level, distributed fluid flow and reactive transport hydrological models are rarely used in practice until recent years. These models are useful tools to help understand the fundamental physical, chemical, and biological processes that take place in nature. In this study, sensitivity analyses based on a mountain area river basin modelling study are performed to investigate the effect of river channel geometric characteristics on downstream water flow. Numerical experiments show that reduction in the river channel geometric measurement interval may not significantly affect the downstream water stage simulation as long as measurement accuracy at special nodes is guaranteed. The special upstream nodes include but are not limited to 1) nodes located close to the observation station, 2) nodes near the borders of different land covers with considerable riverbed roughness changes, 3) nodes at entering points of tributaries causing discharge jump and 4) nodes with a narrow cross‐section width that may control the flow conditions. This information provides guidelines for field investigation to efficiently obtain necessary geometric data for physics‐based hydrological modelling. It is especially useful in alpine areas such as the Tibetan Plateau where field investigation capability is limited under severe topography and climate condition. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The establishment of gas accident risk tolerability criteria based on F–N curve in China     

Ying Zhang  Yun Luo  Jingjing Pei  Yu Hao  Zhu Zeng  Yanpeng Yang 《Natural Hazards》2015,79(1):263-276

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A detailed post‐IR IRSL dating study of the Niuyangzigou loess site in northeastern China          下载免费PDF全文

Shuangwen Yi  Jan‐Pieter Buylaert  Andrew S. Murray  Huayu Lu  Christine Thiel  Lin Zeng 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2016,45(4):644-657

In this study, we report standard quartz SAR OSL and post‐IR infrared (IR) stimulated luminescence (post‐IR IRSL; pIRIR₂₉₀) measurements made on sand‐sized quartz and K‐feldspar extracts from the loess‐palaeosol sequence at Niuyangzigou in northeastern China. The quartz OSL characteristics are satisfactory. Extensive pIRIR_50,290 dose recovery tests were performed by adding doses on top of the natural dose. We found that dose recovery ratios improve significantly when the test dose ranges between ~15 and ~80% of the total dose, and good dose recovery (within ±5% of unity) can be obtained up to ～800 Gy. Otherwise, the dose recovery ratio deviates from unity. The D_e values also depend on the test dose size and so we conclude that the effect of test dose size should be routinely considered in pIRIR dating. First IR stimulation plateau pIRIR₂₉₀ results are compared with multiple elevated temperature ‐pIRIR (MET‐pIRIR) data. It appears that the low temperature MET‐pIRIR data are strongly affected by poor dose recovery, but this is not the case for the pIRIR₂₉₀ results. Natural signal measurements at the highest (first IR) stimulation temperature on a sample expected to be in field saturation suggest that ~10% signal loss occurs in pIRIR signals. Long‐term laboratory bleaching experiments (>80 days) show that a constant (or very difficult to bleach) residual pIRIR₂₉₀ signal is reached after ~300 h, corresponding to a dose of 6.2±0.7 Gy. Quartz OSL and feldspar pIRIR_50,290 ages are in good agreement at least back to c. 70 ka. Beyond this the quartz ages begin to underestimate but the feldspar ages are in agreement with the expected Last Interglacial age palaeosol.  相似文献   

南海北部海面风速概率分布特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

廖菲  邓华  曾琳  Chan Pak-wai 《海洋学报》2018,40(5):37-47

利用南海北部的浮标、石油平台观测的海面风资料，分析了0~200 km范围内，不同离岸距离站点的风速的概率分布特征。观测结果指出，各站平均风速一般最大值出现在冬季，最小值出现在夏季，具有明显的季节变化特征，并且平均风速随着离岸距离的增大也逐渐增大。对于离岸距离较近的区域（100 km以内），海面风基本符合双参数的Weibull分布，但对于100 km以外的海面风速概率分布与Weibull分布存在明显差异，随着离岸距离的增大，平均风速和风速标准偏差也相应增大。风速平均值与风速标准偏差的比值较小时，Weibull分布的偏斜度基本为正值，当比值较大时偏斜度转为负值。随着离岸距离的增大，出现与Weibull分布不一致的情况越来越多，且与对应的Weibull分布相比，其偏斜度越小，风速概率分布越不能用Weibull分布进行较好拟合。  相似文献   

Sources and transformations of nitrogen in the South China Sea: insights from nitrogen isotopes     

Zhi Yang  Jianfang Chen  Min Chen  Lihua Ran  Hongliang Li  Peng Lin  Yong Zhu  Chunsheng Wang  Zhongqiang Ji  Jingjing Zhang 《Journal of Oceanography》2018,74(1):101-113

To elucidate the sources and transformations of nitrogen in the South China Sea (SCS), the nitrogen isotopic composition of nitrate (\({\updelta }^{ 1 5} {\text{N}}_{{{\text{NO}}_{ 3} }}\)) was measured in seawater samples from the water column of this marginal sea and the adjacent western North Pacific Ocean (WNP). Comparison of the isotopic signatures from these two locations suggests that the main source of nitrogen into the SCS was nitrate that entered from the WNP through the Luzon Strait. Values of \({\updelta }^{ 1 5} {\text{N}}_{{{\text{NO}}_{ 3} }}\) were generally lower in the SCS than in the WNP, and the \({\updelta }^{ 1 5} {\text{N}}_{{{\text{NO}}_{ 3} }}\) maximum observed in the SCS intermediate water was lower than the corresponding WNP maximum. This pattern is attributed to mixing within the SCS in combination with the outflow of SCS intermediate water to the WNP. A mass balance model indicates that atmospherically derived N (a combined input of new nitrogen from marine N₂ fixation and atmospheric deposition) supplied approximately 6% of the particulate nitrogen exported from the euphotic zone to the deep SCS. This supply of isotopically light nitrogen cannot, however, explain the low and downward-decreasing δ¹⁵N that has been previously observed in sinking particles of the deep SCS. We propose that an alternative explanation might be a downward-increasing ratio of isotopically light NH₄ ⁺-N to organic N due to the degradation of organic N within the sinking particles (i.e., relative enrichment of the NH₄ ⁺) and also particle incorporation of excreted ammonium from zooplankton.  相似文献   

The Relationship between Propagation Time and Sound Velocity Profile for Positioning Seafloor Reference Points   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Wenzhou Sun  Xiaodong Yin  Anmin Zeng 《Marine Geodesy》2019,42(2):186-200

This paper focuses on the relationship between the propagation time and the integral of the sound velocity profile (SVP) with respect to depth (SVP area for short) for positioning seafloor reference points. We proved a linear relationship between the propagation time and the SVP area and defined its mathematical expression (ST law). We showed in three simulations of possible variations in SVPs (random errors, internal waves, or a combination of both) that this ST law is verified. Using this new law in a simulated experiment, the ranging residuals due to sound velocity change through time are significantly improved. With this method, monitoring the SVP while acquiring travel times to a submerged transponder can significantly reduce the positioning errors of the transponder.  相似文献   

“发现计划”地理学联合实习的实践与思考——以第11届地理学国家理科基地联合实习为例     

赵曦  王乃昂  曾彪  陈奕云  王艳 《地理教学》2020,(2):4-6,10

野外实践教学是地理学专业人才培养至关重要的环节。本文介绍了“发现计划”地理学联合实习的主旨、内容和成绩评估,并就“提问-观察-思考-讨论-总结”的教学模式进行了阐释。2019年地理学联合实习,不仅践行“发现学习”的理念,且具有培养学生从认知型实习向研究型实习转变的特点。其前期准备是联合实习顺利进行的基础,主办单位的经费支持是联合实习可持续的保障。联合实习培养了学生良好的科学素养、团队协作意识和综合素质,其教学模式可为地理学专业野外实习提供借鉴。  相似文献